Understanding and Solving <span class="text-orange-500">Stress</span> on a Biological Level

Understanding and Solving Stress on a Biological Level

The science behind stress and practical solutions to regain balance

Stress relief illustration

Understanding the Stress Response

Stress is not just psychological—it's a deeply biological process that affects every system in the body. Whether you struggle with high cortisol, anxiety, poor sleep, or persistent fatigue, chronic stress may be at the root.

Common Symptoms of Chronic Stress

Many symptoms are commonly overlooked but often trace back to excessive or prolonged stress. These include:

Sleep Issues

  • Difficulty falling asleep
  • Waking during the night
  • Nightmares or sleep paralysis

Physical Symptoms

  • Foamy urine
  • Hair loss or premature graying
  • Abdominal weight gain

Mental & Emotional

  • Irritability, anger, or aggression
  • Jitters, anxiety, lack of confidence
  • Difficulty breathing or pounding heartbeat

Digestive Issues

  • Low or excessive appetite
  • Gut pain, diarrhea, acid reflux
  • Headaches, nausea, or constipation

Hormonal

  • Menstrual irregularities or cramps
  • Cold extremities (fingers, nose, toes)
  • Frequent urination

Simple Indicators

  • A pounding pulse
  • Sense of pressure in the chest
  • The "pupil test" for sympathetic activation

The Biological Stress System

Stress perception begins in the brain. The amygdala processes emotional threats, while the hypothalamus initiates the physiological stress response through three primary pathways:

HPA Axis

Releasing CRH to signal the pituitary, which produces ACTH and triggers cortisol production from the adrenal cortex

Adrenal Medulla

Activating the brainstem and spinal cord to stimulate the adrenal medulla, releasing adrenaline and noradrenaline

Sympathetic Nerves

Sending sympathetic nerve signals throughout the body

These mechanisms are designed for acute survival but become harmful when chronically activated.

Glucose and the Stress Cascade

Low blood sugar is a powerful activator of the stress response. Hypothalamic neurons sense glucose deficiency and increase CRH, stimulating:

  • Cortisol (HPA axis)
  • Adrenaline (sympathetic nervous system)
  • Glucagon release to generate glucose

This is why consuming carbohydrates or sugar rapidly lowers stress hormones, while carbohydrate restriction intensifies them.

Caloric Restriction as a Stressor

Under-eating or fasting increases stress hormones. Stress eating exists for a reason: food availability signals safety. While overeating is not the goal, avoiding chronic caloric restriction is critical for managing stress.

Key Insight: The body interprets food scarcity as a threat, triggering stress responses.

Key Anti-Stress Nutrients

Vitamin C

  • Reduces cortisol by over 35% at 1,000 mg/day
  • Depleted quickly by chronic stress
  • Supports adrenal function

Zinc

  • Suppresses cortisol by ~70% at 50 mg
  • Critical for downregulating HPA activity

Magnesium

  • Lowers cortisol and IL-6
  • Calms the nervous system
  • Commonly depleted in stressed individuals

Vitamin E

  • Improves blood pressure (a stress-sensitive metric)
  • Anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective

Vitamin D

  • Decreases cortisol by 40% at 2,000 IU
  • Suppresses inflammation in the brain and adrenals

Sodium

  • Low-salt diets activate stress systems
  • Higher salt intake significantly reduces adrenaline
  • 5,175 mg sodium reduced adrenaline by 50% compared to 1,150 mg

Lifestyle Tools to Lower Stress

Bright Light Exposure

Daytime light exposure helps reduce cortisol. Dim lighting prolongs stress hormone secretion.

Nature Exposure

Being in nature lowers cortisol and stress perception. Negative ions from water, trees, and soil reduce sympathetic activity.

Social Interaction

Reduces cortisol and prolactin, raises dopamine. Lack of connection promotes chronic stress physiology—prioritize real connection.

Sunlight (UV Exposure)

Stimulates α-MSH, an anti-inflammatory neuropeptide. Regulates HPA axis and blood pressure.

Grounding (Earthing)

Lowers sympathetic tone, inflammation, and cortisol. Improves nervous system balance and cardiovascular health.

Environmental Enrichment

Stimulating surroundings reduce stress hormones. Isolation and monotony increase stress—seek novelty, movement, and stimulation.

Additional Physiological Drivers of Stress

Gut Health

Gut nerves signal directly to the brain. Dysbiosis drives inflammation, estrogen, and serotonin—each of which fuels stress.

Serotonin

Released from the gut in response to irritation. Stimulates the hypothalamus and increases cortisol. Tools to lower serotonin include ginger, lysine, vitamin D, zinc, and cyproheptadine.

Histamine

Promotes inflammation and stress signaling. Modulated by vitamin C, DAO, ginger, L. plantarum, skullcap, quercetin, and carnosine.

Estrogen

Stimulates HPA axis activity. Opposed by progesterone, vitamin A, vitamin E, and aspirin.

Prolactin

Increases under chronic stress and promotes cortisol release. Regulated by dopamine—supporting dopamine lowers stress.

Lactic Acid

Causes acute stress responses and panic symptoms. Elevates adrenaline and cortisol. Best controlled with vitamin B1 (thiamine), which aids carbohydrate metabolism.

Anti-Stress Supplements

L-Theanine

  • 200 mg blocks cortisol in response to acute stress
  • Increases calming neurotransmitters (GABA, dopamine, glycine)
  • Decreases brain serotonin

Pregnenolone

  • Suppresses stress signaling at the hypothalamus and amygdala
  • Reduces emotional and physiological reactivity

GABA

  • 25–50 mg orally blunts cortisol
  • Found naturally in foods like yogurt, cheese, mushrooms, and tomatoes

Phosphatidylserine (PS)

  • Reduces cortisol, ACTH, and prolactin in stressful situations
  • Supports brain signaling and hormonal balance

Chronic Inflammation and Stress

Inflammation and stress fuel one another. To reduce systemic inflammation:

  • Eliminate seed oils
  • Detoxify heavy metals
  • Address mold and mycotoxins
  • Reduce oxidative stress

Final Note

The body's stress system is meant for survival—but modern life keeps it chronically activated. Our approach targets every layer: biology, environment, nutrients, and lifestyle. When you address the full picture, stress doesn't just decrease—it stops running the show.